Głogówek Castle

Oppersdorff Castle in Głogówek is an impressive princely and knightly residence, whose history dates back to the Middle Ages. The castle complex consists of an upper and lower castle, situated on a high escarpment overlooking the Osobłoga River valley. Built in the Mannerist and Baroque styles, the castle is a valuable example of residential and defensive architecture in Upper Silesia. The first mentions of Głogówek date back to 1076, and the town received its city rights in 1275. The construction of the first fortress is estimated to have taken place at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries, and from 1532, the castle came into the hands of the Oppersdorff family, who maintained it until 1945. In the 16th century, the castle underwent a thorough reconstruction, during which the Gothic building was demolished and a new three-wing structure with a chapel and corner towers was erected. During the Swedish Deluge, King John II Casimir was hosted at the castle, underscoring its political significance. A fire in 1800 and a lack of maintenance led to its gradual decline, and it was not until the 19th century that reconstruction work began, giving it a Neo-Gothic style. Although once in a deplorable state, the castle attracted the interest of many historical figures, including Ludwig van Beethoven, who composed his Fourth Symphony there in 1806 as a token of gratitude for the hospitality he received. Today, the castle requires further conservation work. The architecture of the castle showcases a blend of defensive and residential styles, with distinctive sculptural decorations. The lower castle is characterized by its eastern wing with the main gate, a chapel, and richly decorated façades, while the upper castle stands out with its irregular wings, adorned with Baroque portals and five-story towers. The castle is an important monument, combining historical, architectural, and cultural values, and its history continues to attract the attention of researchers and tourists alike.