Osowiec Fortress

Osowiec-Twierdza is a settlement in the Podlaskie Voivodeship, located on the Biebrza River, known for its 19th-century Russian fortress and the Biebrza National Park. The history of the area dates back to prehistoric times when these lands were inhabited by the Yotvingian tribes. Osowiec was granted town rights in 1743 under the name Marcinpol, but lost them in 1827. The settlement was the site of significant battles, including during the Kościuszko Uprising and World War I, where Russian troops defended themselves against German attacks, including the use of chemical weapons during combat. The fortress, built between 1882 and 1892, was designed to protect the northwestern borders of the Russian Empire. It was characterized by its unique location, taking advantage of natural terrain features and a system of fortifications, while also including residential buildings for military personnel. During the interwar period, the fortress served military purposes, and after World War II, it was used as a military unit. Today, it houses a museum and tourist trails, and the Osowiec Fortress is listed in the register of historical monuments. The attractive surroundings of Osowiec are conducive to tourism, with numerous educational paths and cycling routes. Interestingly, Fort I is partially open to tourists, allowing guided tours. The settlement also features a monument commemorating the victims of Stalinist repressions, highlighting the local history and memory.