Paniewo Lock

The Paniewo Lock, located on the Augustów Canal, is the ninth lock counting from the Biebrza River side and the only double-chamber lock in Poland. It was built between 1826 and 1828 by engineer Michał Horain. Its unique design, consisting of two interconnected chambers, was necessitated by the significant difference in water levels between Lake Paniewo and Lake Krzywe, which exceeds 6 meters. The lock operation takes about 40 minutes, which, due to its specific nature, affects the entire navigation traffic on the canal. The lock struggled with technical problems resulting from strong water pressure and groundwater infiltration, which necessitated a major overhaul even before World War I. During World War II, the lock was partially destroyed, specifically on June 20, 1944, during a sabotage operation carried out by units of the Home Army. After the war, a series of repair works were undertaken to restore its functionality. Between 1947 and 1948, reconstruction was carried out to address war damages, followed by an attempt in 1951 to seal the ground using the electroosmosis method. Between 1953 and 1954, the wooden floor was replaced with a reinforced concrete one, and the resulting caverns were filled with concrete. Further reinforcement works continued until the 1970s, when the lock was completely dismantled and rebuilt between 1973 and 1979 using modern materials while preserving its original appearance. The cultural significance of the Paniewo Lock is underscored by its role in the history of water navigation and transport in the region. It is an integral part of the hydrotechnical system that supported the development of local economies. The lock also attracts tourists as an interesting feature in the landscape of the Augustów Canal. Currently, after renovation, the lock is fully operational, although its technical condition until 2011 raised serious concerns. Sources indicate that its reopening was anticipated in 2013, though the situation may have changed. The Paniewo Lock, an engineering masterpiece, stands out with its parameters: the water level difference is 6.29 m, the total length of the structure is 88 m, with the usable chamber lengths being 41.41 m and 43.64 m respectively, and a width of 5.95 m. The lock gates are made of wood, adding to its unique character in preserving the traditions of hydrotechnical construction.