Tadeusz Kościuszko Park in Katowice

Tadeusz Kościuszko Park in Katowice, covering an area of 72 hectares, is the largest park within the city's administrative boundaries. Its history dates back to 1888, when the development of a suburban grove began. Between 1894 and 1895, it was transformed into Süd Park, with the creation of park pathways and an expansion of green areas. A key feature of the park was the Bismarck Tower, erected in 1903, which was later renamed as an observation tower and ultimately demolished in 1934. In the 1920s, the park was named after Tadeusz Kościuszko, and a medallion with his portrait was added to the Bismarck Tower. During this period, the park became a popular recreational spot, attracting large crowds of residents. In the interwar years, numerous pathways and vegetation, including rhododendrons, were added. Plans were also made to create a zoo, and in the summer of 1929, the park welcomed up to 30,000 visitors daily. Various events were held in the park, and attractions such as a pond with birds and enclosures for wild animals were located within its grounds. In 1939, the park was the site of the mythical defense of Katowice by scouts, though this account was later questioned by researchers. In 1996, the only contemporary settlement site of the Goły people was discovered near the park. The park features numerous architectural and cultural attractions, including the Church of St. Michael the Archangel, monuments, a parachute tower, a boules court, and an outdoor sculpture gallery with works by local artists. Designed in the English style, the park is distinguished by pathways lined with roses and a variety of tree species, including birches, pines, and non-native species. After dark, the park is illuminated by stylish lanterns, making it a popular destination both during the day and in the evening.