Braniewo

Braniewo, known in German as Braunsberg, is the oldest town in Warmia, situated on the Warmian Plain on the Pasłęka River, near the Vistula Lagoon. As the first capital of Warmia, Braniewo played a key historical and cultural role. The town was granted city rights in 1254 and has since been an important trade center and seaport, as part of the Hanseatic League. The architectural heritage of Braniewo includes numerous monuments, such as the Gothic St. Catherine's Basilica, dating back to the 14th century, and remnants of the former bishop's castle. The gate tower is the only surviving element of the castle that once dominated the town. Braniewo was home to the renowned Collegium Hosianum, which became a center of Counter-Reformation and education in the 16th century, later transforming into a seminary and a teaching institution. With a rich cultural legacy, the town also hosts numerous local and artistic events, including annual celebrations related to Nicolaus Copernicus, who had ties to the region. Braniewo plays a significant role in religious life, with a diversity of faith communities, including Roman Catholic and Greek Catholic. Modern Braniewo is also a bustling transport hub with access to rail and roads, supporting both the local economy and tourism. After World War II, the town was almost completely destroyed, and the reconstruction did not include many historical buildings, making it one of the most devastated towns in Poland at the time. Interestingly, until 2016, Braniewo had its own zoo, and in 2011, it launched a sailing marina, highlighting its growing tourist offerings. Despite challenging times, Braniewo continues to attract residents and visitors with its rich heritage and vibrant social life.