Ciechanów Castle

Ciechanów Castle, built at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries by Duke Janusz I of Mazovia, became part of the Ciechanów starosty in 1617 and has been in ruins since the mid-17th century. Its construction is dated to the years 1399–1429, featuring two characteristic round towers and walls standing 10 meters high. The castle was situated on marshy land by the Łydynia River, which required innovative construction solutions, such as driving oak trunks and sand into the ground to stabilize the foundation. Its defensive architecture, with a regular quadrilateral layout (48 by 57 meters) and two massive towers, emphasized both its military and residential functions. After the death of Janusz III, the castle passed into the hands of Queen Bona, and in 1549 it continued to evolve, adapting to new residential needs. Following the Third Partition of Poland, the Prussians took control of the castle, leading to its further degradation. From 1818, the ruins became the property of the Krasiński family, who undertook the first restoration efforts in the early 20th century. During World War II, the castle was the site of tragic events, including the execution of Polish soldiers. After the war, the castle underwent further research and partial restoration. Today, it is owned by the Marshal of the Masovian Voivodeship and managed by the Museum of the Masovian Nobility. Controversies surrounding the castle’s revitalization include two competing proposals: one based on Gothic tradition and another modernist design featuring a glass structure integrated into the historic fabric, which has drawn opposition from conservationists. Due to disputes, only a modern pavilion and public toilets were ultimately added, and the castle was not included on the list of historical monuments. In 2022, the museum introduced virtual tours, offering a modern way to explore the site. Ciechanów is also home to the Banner of the Knights of the Ciechanów Land, a group that reconstructs 15th-century chivalry, contributing to the revival of local culture. With its rich history and architecture, Ciechanów Castle remains an important landmark in the heritage of Masovia, though its future and form in the face of modern interventions continue to spark debate.