Parade Square in Warsaw

Parade Square (Plac Defilad) is a vast public space in the center of Warsaw, situated next to the Palace of Culture and Science, and bordered by Świętokrzyska Street, Jerusalem Avenues (Aleje Jerozolimskie), and Marszałkowska Street. Covering 24 hectares, it was designed as a gathering place with no permanent vehicle routes, which was reflected in its purpose for parades and processions typical of the Polish People's Republic era. The square was built in 1955 as part of a larger urban project, and its form and function are rooted in the historical context of communist Poland. In the central part of the square stands a grandstand adorned with an eagle bas-relief, from which public events such as rallies, military parades, and papal masses were held. After 1989, as the political system changed, the square lost its significance, and its space began to serve various, often temporary functions, such as a funfair or marketplace. In recent years, numerous initiatives have been undertaken to develop the area, including international architectural competitions. In 2007, the Palace of Culture was declared a historical monument, which complicated further demolition and renovation plans. In 2017, public consultations began regarding a new design for the central part of the square, intended to reflect the pre-war history of the area. An interesting fact is that the square was the site of significant events, such as the rally in support of Władysław Gomułka, where the famous singing of "Sto Lat" (Happy Birthday) took place. Today, it hosts various cultural events, including concerts, and has revived the tradition of New Year's Eve celebrations. With dynamic changes in the surrounding area, Parade Square continues to play an active role in Warsaw's cultural life.