Battle of Mława

The Battle of Mława took place from September 1 to 3, 1939, and was one of the first battles of World War II, as well as a defensive engagement for Poland. The main forces of the Polish "Modlin" Army, under the command of General Emil Krukowicz-Przedrzymirski, faced the German 3rd Army led by General Georg von Küchler. The origins of the battle were linked to the Treaty of Versailles, which established the borders between Poland and Germany, leading to tensions and military preparations. Before the outbreak of the conflict, the Polish army fortified the defensive line by building fortifications between Mława and the Narew River. Despite considerable efforts, many of these fortifications remained unfinished by the time the war began. During the battle, the Germans, despite initial losses, utilized their numerical superiority and modern tanks, which allowed them to break through the Polish defensive lines. Although Polish troops fought with determination, they were ultimately forced to retreat under enemy pressure. After the battle, German forces were able to execute a flanking maneuver against Warsaw, contributing to the further success of their offensive. The Battle of Mława holds an important place in Polish history and serves as an example of both the tactical strengths and weaknesses of both sides in the conflict. It has been commemorated through memorials such as plaques at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Warsaw, the Monument to the Polish Infantryman in Uniszki Zawadzkie, and a postage stamp issued in 1985. An interesting fact is that in 2023, a song dedicated to the battle was created, highlighting its significance in Polish history.