Golden Cross in Poznań

The Golden Cross, also known as the Chwaliszewo Cross, is a crucifix approximately 4 meters tall, located in Poznań in the Chwaliszewo district, near the Międzymoście Square. The cross is attributed to a tradition said to be over a thousand years old, linked to the adoption of Christianity by Mieszko I in 966. Its modern form dates back to 1945, following the destruction of World War II. The first mention of the cross comes from the second half of the 19th century when it replaced a wooden crucifix erected on the 18th-century Chwaliszewo Bridge. The new iron cross was installed in 1880 after a long dispute between church authorities and the German administration, in the context of the Polish Kulturkampf. The cross became a symbol of resistance for the Polish population of Poznań. It is characterized by a unique sculpture of Christ, which has been renovated multiple times, including in 1937 when it was covered with 22.5-carat gold. It is worth noting that the cross is associated with numerous legends, including one about the Virgin Mary sailing to Poznań to save the city from invaders, and another about an alleged intervention by Christ during a flood in 1736. The cross also has tragic episodes, such as the suicide of an unemployed man who committed the act using the crucifix. Over time, there were plans to relocate the cross to another location, though no one succeeded. The Golden Cross has become not only an architectural element but also a cultural reference point, inspiring poets and literary authors. Today, as a simple roadside crucifix, it continues to play an important role in the collective memory of the residents and stands as a testament to the rich history of Poznań and the struggles of its people. The cross is located in close proximity to the remains of the old bridge, further emphasizing its historical significance. The renovations it has undergone over the years, along with its connections to local heritage, make the Golden Cross an important cultural symbol of Poznań and a witness to the turbulent history of the region.