Orava Beskids

The Oravské Beskydy Mountains, part of the Carpathian Flysch Belt, form a mountain range distinguished by its rich geography and unique geological formations, such as landslides and numerous shelters and caves, including the famous Złota Studnia (Golden Well) Cave. The Beskidy region also features mineral water springs, with Słona Woda (Salty Water) being the most renowned. Known in Slovakia as Oravské Beskydy, this range is part of a larger mountain massif whose classification is a subject of debate. Poles classify the area as part of the Beskid Żywiecki, while Slovaks consider it a separate range. The region is home to several villages, such as Nová Bystrica, Oravská Lesná, and Novoť, where the population, primarily of Polish descent, has undergone assimilation, adopting Slovak culture while preserving a distinct dialect and highland traditions. Forests dominate the Oravské Beskydy, with river valleys being the only areas occupied by fields and settlements. Most of this region falls within the "Horná Orava" Protected Landscape Area, which corresponds to Poland’s Żywiec Landscape Park. Ecologically valuable sites include numerous nature reserves, such as Babia hora, Pilsko, and Slanický ostrov, which protect unique ecosystems and specific habitats, such as those for otters and peatland vegetation. The Oravské Beskydy are not only an area of stunning landscapes but also an important site for environmental research and conservation. Local culture, including folklore and traditional attire, though increasingly rare, is still nurtured by regional folk ensembles, reflecting the region’s rich history and distinct identity.